Description

The Following is the Building Construction Process Step by Step

A. Pre-Construction Steps (Phase – I)

1. To Acquire Land or Plot
It is the most important step in building construction. Search for the location of the building which is best suited for building construction purposes. Be careful while selecting land which has all the desired facilities available nearby and should be free from all land-related issues. It is suggested that prior data collection before buying land or plot either by doing research online or seeking help from real estate agents or concerned persons regarding the effective cost of the same.

2. To Seek Technical Help
After selecting proper land for building, take the help of a professional architect to create building designs and take his/her advice. An architect prepare plan as per building requirement, number of flats, and shops based on your requirements and budget.

Then the architect consults with a structural engineer for details of the reinforcements to be used, how deep your foundation will be, the size of gravel to be used, pillar width, etc.

3. Preparing Estimate and Budget
Building construction involves a huge amount of material and budget. After, planning and structural detailing have been completed these details are transferred to the building estimator. The building estimator will estimate the material quantity, and quantity of different items of work, and prepare an abstract sheet that shows the cost of building construction.

If financial resources are limited, we need to seek pre-approval for loans in advance, or else you may end up in a cash crunch situation.

4. Permission from Authorities
This is important work to do after the project is ready to be executed. For that, we have to take permission from the local municipal body before you could go for the construction.

Following are the list of document project required before applying for permission. This document may differ from state to state, but some are essential for every building construction work.

a) Land survey: Survey of the land has to be carried out with the help of an authorized land surveyor
b) Soil test report of the land.
c) Land documents.
d) Architecture/ elevation/ sectional drawings.
e) Structural report.
f)  Architect Certificate of undertaking on Record and Certificate of the undertaking of Civil Engineer on Record

5. Approach a Builder
A builder or contractor for construction must be chosen carefully because it is a major factor in securing building construction quality and timely construction of work. Pre-investigation must be done about the builder before handing in work. In the contract document, all the work-related details must be clearly stated.

The contract document should cover layout and work details along with the payment methods, time scales, and costs. The condition of the contract should be thoroughly checked before signing a final deal.

Building Construction Step (Phase – II)
The following are the building construction steps involved in any type of construction.

1. Site Preparation or Leveling
The construction site must be cleaned before the work is executed. This work involves the removal of roots of trees, and debris, and leveling ground area.

2. Excavation and PCC
The foundation of the building ground is excavated with the help of excavating machines as per the building dimension specified in the drawings. In this foundation trench, a layer of PCC (Plain cement concrete) is laid in the dug portion before placing the reinforcements for the foundation.

3. Foundation
The building is supported on the foundation is the lowermost part of the building that is in contact with the soil. A building is a load transferred from the superstructure to the soil and needs to be extremely strong to handle the load.

After the PCC work foundation reinforcement work is started. The foundation’s bottom level must check before concreting it. The remaining space between the foundation is filled with earth.

4. Plinth Beam and Slab
After the foundation work is done ground beam formwork is started and poured with concrete. Over the plinth beam, masonry work is started. And space between the foundation and plinth beam is filled with soil.

5. Superstructure – Column
The superstructure is the portion above the plinth level of the building. The main component of the superstructure is a column and beam.  The columns are built up to slab level and the frame for further construction is prepared.

6. Brick Masonry Work
As the column and beam framework is completed masonry work is started with different materials such as bricks, concrete blocks, fly ash bricks, etc. according to the building drawing. Masonry work is done using a cement mortar mix. It is a mixture of cement & sand. During this carefully and as per drawing gaps are laid for doors and windows during the masonry work.

7. The Lintel Over Door Window Gaps
The lintel is constructed on the door and window to support the masonry work over it. After this further masonry work is done.

8. Floor Slab or Roof Structure
Then the formwork is started to construct the slab resting on the column and beam. Over slab formwork, slab reinforcement is placed as per slab detailed drawing.

9. Door Window Framing and Fixations
After that door window frames are fixed at their specified position given in the drawing.

10. Electrical and Plumbing
As we know buildings are constructed with a clean finish in which electrical and plumbing work is not visible. They are installed in the walls and slabs such that they are concealed and not visible after the finishing work is done. The point and pipe ends are left out such that later they can be finished with the electric fitting and plumbing fixtures.

11. Exterior Finishing
Once this work is completed, external plastering and finishing work is started. Waterproofing is also done to prevent rising dampness in the wall. External cladding can also be done to enhance the elevation of the house.

12. Terrace and Roof Finishing
On top of the slab, waterproofing is done to prevent any leakage in the slab. Generally, terrazzo tiling is done to avoid the slab from a weathering effect.

13. Internal Finishing
Internal walls are plaster with a smooth finish and flooring is done with tiles. Later on, the walls are painted or textured.

14. Woodwork and Fixture Fittings
By following the above step, almost all construction work is completed, and then furniture work is started. Side by side, electrical fitting, switchboard, and plumbing fittings are complete in the bathrooms and kitchen areas too.

15. Waterproofing
Waterproofing is a method that prevents water from penetrating your house. Waterproofing is very important as it helps keep your house dry. It helps reduce humidity inside the house and thereby protects things inside your house from damage caused due to humidity or water exposure

16. Painting Work
The most important purpose of house painting is to give our house a long life and adding colors to it is to give our house a beautiful makeover. The painting work not only adds colors to house walls but protects their house from all stains and dirt and gives their house a long life, however, walls have a way of finding some stains.

There are various paint qualities which can be used to protect our house for a long time from stain, mud, sunlight, rain, dirt, etc. from basic paint to high-quality paint which can give our house 5 to 10 years of extra life and an amazing look for exterior and interior as well.

Process of Building Construction
1. To Acquire Land or Plot
2. Prepare Estimation and Budget
3. Approach a Builder
4. Site Preparation and Levelling work
5. Foundation Plinth Beam, column, Slab,
6. Brick Masonry Work
7. Floor Slab or Roof Structure
8. Electrical and Plumbing
9. Exterior Finishing
10. Internal Finishes

Building Construction Steps
1. To Acquire Land or Plot
2. Prepare Estimation and Budget
3. Approach a Builder
4. Site Preparation and Levelling work
5. Foundation Plinth Beam, column, Slab,
6. Brick Masonry Work
7. Floor Slab or Roof Structure
8. Electrical and Plumbing
9. Exterior Finishing
10. Internal Finishes

Building Construction
The process of constructing the different elements of a building on a construction site is called the building construction process. The building construction has different stages like planning, designing, site preparation, foundation plinth construction, column, beam, and slab construction, plastering, and finishing work.